Search results for " craving"
showing 10 items of 11 documents
The effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on eating behavior and diet delivered through face-to-face contact and a mobile app: a randomized co…
2018
Background Internal motivation and good psychological capabilities are important factors in successful eating-related behavior change. Thus, we investigated whether general acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) affects reported eating behavior and diet quality and whether baseline perceived stress moderates the intervention effects. Methods Secondary analysis of unblinded randomized controlled trial in three Finnish cities. Working-aged adults with psychological distress and overweight or obesity in three parallel groups: (1) ACT-based Face-to-face (n = 70; six group sessions led by a psychologist), (2) ACT-based Mobile (n = 78; one group session and mobile app), and (3) Control (n = 71; …
Neuroimagen y adicción I: Correlatos neuroanatómicos y funcionales de la administración aguda, el craving y el consumo crónico de psicoestimulantes
2007
En los últimos años ha aumentado el interés por el estudio de los correlatos neurobiológicos del consumo de drogas psicoestimulantes, como la cocaína o el éxtasis. La aplicación de las técnicas de neuroimagen ha permitido examinar in vivo los efectos agudos de la administración de estas sustancias, los correlatos cerebrales del deseo intenso por consumirlas (craving), o las alteraciones funcionales o morfológicas asociadas al consumo crónico. Los objetivos de esta revisión son: (1) explicar brevemente las técnicas de neuroimagen utilizadas en la investigación de drogodependencias (2) presentar los hallazgos más actualizados de neuroimagen en el estudio de los correlatos cerebrales del consu…
Neuroimagen y adicción II: Correlatos neuroanatómicos y funcionales de la administración aguda, el craving y el consumo crónico de opiáceos, alcohol …
2008
En las últimas décadas las técnicas de neuroimagen han contribuido en gran medida al estudio in vivo de los efectos neurobiológicos del consumo agudo y crónico de sustancias de abuso. El incremento en los últimos años del consumo de alcohol y cannabis, así como las graves consecuencias asociadas al consumo de opiáceos han contribuido al aumento del interés por estudiar los efectos de estas sustancias en el sistema nervioso central. Los objetivos de esta revisión son: (1) presentar los hallazgos más actualizados de neuroimagen en el estudio de los correlatos cerebrales del consumo de opiáceos, alcohol y cannabis, teniendo en cuenta: (i) la administración aguda de estas sustancias, (ii) el cr…
Altered Food Behavior and Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature
2022
There is evidence of an association between cancer and certain types of altered eating behaviors, including orthorexia, food cravings, and food addiction. Given the growing interest in the topic throughout the scientific community we conducted a systematic review to summarize current evidence on the development of altered food behavior, including food addiction and cancer. The Cochrane Collaboration and the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines were followed to perform this systematic review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was used to report the process and results. The structured literature search was co…
Lo spettro impulsivo-compulsivo nell’addiction: una prospettiva in- tegrata sullo sviluppo delle dipendenze patologiche in adolescenza
2008
The evaluation of alcohol use disorder is the important first stage of interven- tions and treatments. The S.A.I.D. is an auto-evaluation test built on the assumption that alcoho- lism is close connected to the other person’s life problems that may have contributed to rouse, exacerbate or maintain alcoholism. The test is composed of 39 items, presented as auto-descriptions, that provide patient’s diagnostic profile articulated in two specific areas (social area and psycho- logical area), each divided in 9 scales (work/study; relationships; social relation- ship; cure/physical health; depression; hostility; inattention, anxiety,alexitimya) investigated through specific behavioural indexes th…
Psychological flexibility mediates change in intuitive eating regulation in acceptance and commitment therapy interventions
2017
AbstractObjectiveDespite the promising results related to intuitive eating, few studies have attempted to explain the processes encouraging this adaptive eating behaviour. The focus of the present study was on exploring mechanisms of change in intuitive eating and weight in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) interventions. Mediation provides important information regarding the treatment processes and theoretical models related to specific treatment approaches. The study investigates whether psychological flexibility, mindfulness skills and sense of coherence mediated the interventions’ effect on intuitive eating and weight.DesignSecondary analysis of a randomized control trial. Mediati…
Discrimination between cocaine-associated context and cue in a modified conditioned place preference paradigm: role of the nNOS gene in cue condition…
2009
The conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm entails appetitive learning and is utilized to investigate the motivational effects of drug and natural reward in rodents. However, a typical CPP design does not allow dissociation between cue- and context-dependent appetitive learning. In humans, context and cues that had been associated with drug reward can elicit conditioned response and drug craving. Therefore, we investigated (a) methods by which to discriminate between cue- and context-dependent appetitive learning, and (b) the role of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) gene in appetitive learning. Wild-type (WT) and nNOS knockout (KO) mice were trained by cocaine (20 mg/kg) in a …
Brief emotional eating scale : A multinational study of factor structure, validity, and invariance
2023
Emotional eating or the tendency to eat in response to emotional states can be assessed using self-report measures. The Emotional Eating Scale-II is a commonly used and reliable instrument that measures the desire to eat in response to a range of unpleasant and pleasant emotions. The current study aimed to corroborate the validity of the EES-II and expand its utility by investigating its dimensionality and testing its measurement invariance in samples from English-speaking and non-English-speaking countries. Convergent and predictive validity in respect of food craving, eating, and health indicators were also examined. This cross-national study included a total of 2485 adult participants re…
D-TMS IN COCAINE ADDICTION: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
2013
Drug addiction is a brain disease which leads to profound disturbances in an individual’s behaviour. In spite of the progress made in the understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying addiction, expectations from a therapeutic point of view have not been satisfying. Given the modest efficacy of therapeutic tools available, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) seems to be a promising “non-pharmacologic” aid in various neuropathologies(1) including addiction(2) which is characterized by a decrease of dopaminergic activity (DA)(3-4). Thus, ‘restoring’ pre-pathology DA activity may yield clinical benefits in addicts(5). In particular, it has been reported(6) that TMS reduces the…